Diabetic mellitus is now considered a disheartening and killer disease. The World Health Organization reported that about 195 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes and about two-third of them are in developing nations. By the end of 2030, the number of people living with disease is predicted to double.
Although it was mythically thought to be the disease of the white, diabetes has now be confirmed to be prevalence in Africa.
Apart from its catastrophic effect on general welbeing, diabetes has been discovered to directly impair the eyes: Mascular Ischemia.
Mascular Ischemia is a devasting condition that causes irreversible visual loss. It occur more in type 1 diabetes. Pathogenesis of mascular Ischemia include basement membrane thickening. increased viscolity of blood and endothelial cell damage. This result in closure of perifoveal capillaries into FAZ on fundus flourescein angiography(FFA).
It has been postulated that the selective loss of pericytes and thickening of the basement membrane in retinal capillaries occurs as a result of exposure to elevated blood glucose over an extended period of time.
Muscular ischemia leads to the depletion of energy, the loss of cellular integrity, and in severe cases, rhabdomyolysis.
It is diagnosed through an exercise stress test which shows blood flow through your coronary arteries in response to exercise. Holter will monitor the record of your heart rate and rhythm - over a 24-hour period or more so - so doctor can see if you had episodes of silent ischemia. Also, clinical examination of retinal with the slit lamp biomicroscopy using 78% or 90% duopter non contact fundus len will show retinal elevation and swelling. It is useful in patient education and monitoring follow up response to treatment.
Known for its devastating and damaging effect, diabetes accounts for diabetic maculaphaty: an important cause of visual loss. This can be avoided by not accumulating excess glucose in the body, thus, equating energy used with consume through exercise and activeness.
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